Adjectives are words that describe people, animals, objects, or situations. In the Italian language, they are usually placed after the noun and must agree in gender (masculine or feminine) and number (singular or plural) with the noun they modify.
What is an adjective?
Look at these examples:
| Italian | English |
|---|---|
| Il gatto bianco | The white cat |
| La macchina nera | The black car |
| Le bambine piccole | The little girls |
| I pantaloni gialli | The yellow trousers |
In all cases, the adjective provides additional information about the noun.
Gender and number agreement in adjectives
Most Italian adjectives follow these endings:
| Gender | Singular | Plural | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | -o | -i | alto → alti |
| Feminine | -a | -e | buona → buone |
| Masculine/Feminine | -e | -i | intelligente → intelligenti |
Examples
Very common adjectives
| Italian | English |
|---|---|
| alto | tall |
| basso | short |
| grande | big |
| piccolo | small |
| bello | beautiful |
| brutto | ugly |
| nuovo | new |
| vecchio | old |
| giovane | young |
| intelligente | intelligent |
| simpatico | nice |
| difficile | difficult |
| facile | easy |
| importante | important |
| veloce | fast |
The adjective “bello”
The adjective bello has some special forms when it appears before the noun.
Regular examples
Common expressions
Position of the adjective
Normally, the adjective comes after the noun:
Una casa grande.
Un cane nero.
Una macchina veloce.
However, some common adjectives can be placed before the noun for emphasis or to sound more natural:
Una bella casa.
Un grande amico.
Un piccolo problema.
Possessive adjectives (Aggettivi possessivi)
Possessive adjectives indicate ownership.
| Person | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|
| My | mio | mia |
| Your | tuo | tua |
| His/Her | suo | sua |
| Our | nostro | nostra |
| Your (plural) | vostro | vostra |
| Their | loro | loro |
Examples
Exception: family members
With many kinship nouns, the article is not used:
Mia madre.
Mio padre.
Tua sorella.
Suo fratello.
But:
La mia amica.
Il mio collega.
Errores comunes
❌ La ragazza alto
✅ La ragazza alta.
❌ I libri nuovo
✅ I libri nuovi.
❌ Le bambine intelligente
✅ Le bambine intelligenti.
Common mistakes
❌ La ragazza alto
✅ La ragazza alta.
❌ I libri nuovo
✅ I libri nuovi.
❌ Le bambine intelligente
✅ Le bambine intelligenti.
Resources
Italian adjectives exercises
Complete the gap
Flashcards
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