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How to use prepositions in French

French prepositions are very important. Let’s learn how to use them when talking about countries. Let’s get started!

Here is a structured guide to learning how to use prepositions with countries in French, based on gender rules and verbs of movement or location.

Before starting with prepositions: Identifying the gender of the country

Before choosing a preposition, it is essential to know whether the country is masculine, feminine, or plural:

Feminine: These are generally countries that end with the letter -e (examples: France, Argentina, Belgium, Colombia, Bolivia).

Masculine: These are countries that end with any other letter such as -a, -i, -u, -l (examples: Venezuela, Chile, Peru, Portugal, Brazil, Morocco, Canada).

Plural: Compound countries or countries identified as plural (example: United States).

Important exception: The country Mexico ends with -e, but it is masculine.

Location and destination prepositions (Verbs Être and Aller)

When we want to say that we “are in” or “are going to” a country, we use the following prepositions according to the country’s gender:

AU (Masculine): Used for singular masculine countries.

Je suis au Venezuela.

Il est au Chili.

Je vais au Pérou / au Brésil.

EN (Feminine): Used for feminine countries.

Tu es en France.

Je vais en Belgique.

Elle va en Angleterre.

AUX (Plural): Used for plural countries.

Nous allons aux États-Unis.

Origin prepositions (Verb Venir)

To indicate where we come from (“I come from…” ), the prepositions change:

DU (Masculine): For masculine countries.

Je viens du Venezuela.

Vous venez du Brésil.

DE / D’ (Feminine): For feminine countries.

Tu viens de France.

Elles viennent de Bolivie.

D’ (Before a vowel): If the country begins with a vowel, elision is used to avoid two vowels coming together.

Nous venons d’Angleterre. (The -e of de is dropped because Angleterre begins with A).

Prépositions de localisation et de destination (Verbes Être et Aller)

Lorsque nous voulons dire que nous « sommes dans » ou que nous « allons dans » un pays, nous utilisons les prépositions suivantes selon le genre :

AU (Masculin) : S’utilise pour les pays masculins au singulier.

Je suis au Venezuela.

Il est au Chili.

Je vais au Pérou / au Brésil.

EN (Féminin) : S’utilise pour les pays féminins.

Tu es en France.

Je vais en Belgique.

Elle va en Angleterre.

AUX (Pluriel) : S’utilise pour les pays au pluriel.

Nous allons aux États-Unis.

Origin prepositions (Verb Venir)

To indicate where we come from (“I come from…” ), the prepositions change:

DU (Masculine): For masculine countries.

Je viens du Venezuela.

Vous venez du Brésil.

DE / D’ (Feminine): For feminine countries.

Tu viens de France.

Elles viennent de Bolivie.

D’ (Before a vowel): If the country begins with a vowel, elision is used to avoid two vowels coming together.

Nous venons d’Angleterre. (The -e of de is dropped because Angleterre begins with A).

Quick review summary

GenderLocation/Destination (Aller/Être)Origin (Venir)
Masculineaudu
Feminineende (or d’ before a vowel)
Pluralauxdes (mentioned as the plural form)

Pronunciation note: In French, the final -e in feminine country names such as Argentina or France is generally silent, so the final vowel sound is not pronounced.

French preposition exercises


Complete each sentence


Etiquetas: prepositions

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